關(guān)于這個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子分析
- 教育綜合
- 2022-08-02 12:58:41
求這個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子的語(yǔ)法分析，包括主謂賓之類，感謝！
您好，It is possible to imagine an upcoming society in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times was enjoyed by the medival aristocracy. 這個(gè)句子使用了（形式主語(yǔ)）結(jié)構(gòu)，所以主句的主干是（主系表）：
1）主語(yǔ) = to imagine ...... aristorcracy（動(dòng)詞不定式短詞作真正的主語(yǔ)）
2）謂語(yǔ) = 系動(dòng)詞 be（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）
3）表語(yǔ) = possible
所以句子可以改寫為：
To imagine an upcoming society in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times was enjoyed by the medival aristocrary is possible.
句子可以再次壓縮到最基本的（主干：主系表）成分：
To imagine something is possible.
主語(yǔ) = to imagine something（動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)）
謂語(yǔ) = 系動(dòng)詞 be（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）
表語(yǔ) = possible
something 作 imagine 的賓語(yǔ)，
something = an upcoming society in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times was enjoyed by the medival aristocrary
這個(gè)（賓語(yǔ)）可以再次壓縮到更簡(jiǎn)單的形式：
an upcoming society was enjoyed by the medival aristocracy
而因?yàn)檫@個(gè)賓語(yǔ)有完整的主干結(jié)構(gòu)（主謂賓），所以這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)就變成了賓語(yǔ)從句，也就是 imagine 的賓語(yǔ)從句了，其中引導(dǎo)詞 that 被省略了。賓語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)：
1）主語(yǔ) = society
2）謂語(yǔ) = was enjoyed（一般過(guò)去時(shí)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
3）賓語(yǔ) = aristocracy
但這樣的主謂賓語(yǔ)義在漢語(yǔ)翻譯會(huì)產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題，因?yàn)椋ㄉ鐣?huì)被貴族享受著）的語(yǔ)義不恰當(dāng)，而應(yīng)該是（貴族享受著這社會(huì)），所以句子的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)需要對(duì)調(diào)：
1）主語(yǔ) = aristocrary
2）謂語(yǔ) = enjoyed（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）
3）賓語(yǔ) = society
the medival aristocrary enjoyed an upcoming society
in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times 是一個(gè)（定語(yǔ)從句）修飾 society，其中夾帶了一個(gè)由 as 引導(dǎo)的（比較狀語(yǔ)），簡(jiǎn)化方式為：
定語(yǔ)從句 = in which the majority of the population will have much leisure time
從句主語(yǔ) = majority；of the population（介詞短語(yǔ)）作 majority 的后置定語(yǔ)
從句謂語(yǔ) = will have（一般將來(lái)時(shí)）
從句賓語(yǔ) = time；much leisure 修飾 time
比較狀語(yǔ) = as much ... as ...
所以句子的層次為：
第一層次：To imagine a society（主語(yǔ)）is（系動(dòng)詞）possible（表語(yǔ)）.
To imagine an upcoming（現(xiàn)在分詞作形容詞）society is possible.
第二層次：To imagine【賓語(yǔ)從句：(that) an upcoming society（從句主語(yǔ)）was enjoyed by（從句謂語(yǔ)）the medival aristocracy（從句賓語(yǔ)），翻譯時(shí)需要倒過(guò)來(lái)，看上面的解釋】is possible.
第三層次：To imagine (that) an upcoming society 【定語(yǔ)從句：in which（引導(dǎo)詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞）the majority（從句主語(yǔ)）will have（從句謂語(yǔ)）time（從句賓語(yǔ)）】was enjoyed by the medival aristocracy is possible.
To imagine (that) an upcoming society in which the majority【of the population（介詞短語(yǔ)作 majority 的后置定語(yǔ)）】will have time was enjoyed by the medival aristocracy is possible.
第四層次：To imagine (that) an upcoming society in which the majority of the population will have as much leisure time【比較狀語(yǔ)：as in earlier times】was enjoyed by the medival aristocracy is possible.
這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)從 to imagine ..... aristocracy 占據(jù)了句子僅8成的長(zhǎng)度，產(chǎn)生了（頭重腳輕）的問(wèn)題，所以使用（形式主語(yǔ)）可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題：
形式主語(yǔ)：It【形式主語(yǔ)】is possible【真正的主語(yǔ)：to imagine an upcoming society in which the majority of
the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times
was enjoyed by the medival aristocracy】.
這個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子怎么分析？
此句翻譯是正確的，但在句子分析上稍有偏差。They 主語(yǔ)，like 謂語(yǔ)，not having to listen to me shouting to them這個(gè)部分應(yīng)視為一個(gè)整體，叫做動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。having to 屬于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意思是＂必須/ 不得不＂。listen 是動(dòng)詞原形和having to 構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的主體部分。to me是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，shouting to them 是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
這個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子怎么分析（謝謝了！?。。?/h3>先我們把句子的主干抓?。?I prefer take-home essays ，so you have time to edit and do more research. 我更喜歡帶回家的論文，這樣你就有時(shí)間編輯和做更多的研究. 這是用并列連詞so連接的一個(gè)并列句。 再看because it is then really about the writing， 它是主句I prefer take-home essays的原因從句，與后半截的so you have time to edit and do more research是無(wú)關(guān)的。 在這個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句because it is then這個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子怎么分析（就是主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)如何找）？
Vocational-type classes（主語(yǔ)），such as computer science or journalism，on the other hand，are（謂語(yǔ)） often more research-oriented and lend（謂語(yǔ)）themselves to take-home testing.
職業(yè)類型的課程，像計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)或新聞學(xué)，另一方面來(lái)說(shuō)通常更偏重于研究，以及便于帶回家進(jìn)行測(cè)試。
留意and并列的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞。
